Krzemionki Archaeological and Nature Reserve

Medals available in the souvenir shop!

The prehistoric mining complex in Krzemionki near Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski (Świętokrzyskie Mountains) is one of the largest of its kind in Europe. Its exceptional importance stems from its perfectly preserved post-mining landscape and underground architecture. These mines were discovered in 1922 by geologist Jan Samsonowicz and have been studied by numerous archaeologists.

At Krzemionki, visitors can explore Europe’s longest underground route (over 400 m), showcasing the fascinating world of Neolithic miners. The underground tour begins at Pavilion No. 3 with a reconstructed shaft workshop, mine shaft structure, and roofing. Then, from adjacent Pavilion No. 2, visitors descend via the “Zenon” shaft to the level of the chamber mine, whose underground architecture can be admired through display windows.

The reconstructed Neolithic village, created in 1991, is another attraction when visiting the Reserve. It covers an area of about 1.5 hectares. While not an exact replica of any known archaeological site, it allows visitors to imagine how Stone Age and Early Bronze Age people organized their living spaces. During summer season, the village features a functioning potter’s workshop, pottery kiln, and archery range. Archaeological workshops and other outdoor events for organized groups are also held here (including learning about shamanic practices, techniques for making flint and stone tools, clay vessels, natural material ornaments, prehistoric food preparation methods, and prehistoric hunting techniques). Archaeological workshops should be booked at least several weeks before the planned visit to the Reserve. Custom workshop scenarios can be arranged.

Krzemionki also offers museum lessons for elementary and middle school students. The classes take place outdoors in the reconstructed Neolithic village or in recreated Stone Age and Early Bronze Age dwellings. Upon entering the village area, archaeologists introduce children to the prehistoric world, explaining the division of history into eras (Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age) and presenting the history of human presence in Polish lands from the oldest finds to the Neolithic period. As an introduction to the activities, instructors briefly discuss basic aspects of Neolithic village life – the construction and appearance of dwellings (using the reconstructions as examples), food acquisition methods, crafts, trade, and other settlement activities.